| |
Southern Sentinel – by Thomas J. DiLorenzo
President Lincoln, who is considered by most historians (or at least the politically correct
ones) to be the best and certainly the most important U.S. President, wielded power in a fashion never seen before
nor since. The fact that he died as a martyr is why history has viewed him in such a kind albeit sanitized light.
During the Civil War, Lincoln continuously circumvented the law and in many cases suspended the Constitution altogether.
In doing so, Lincoln denied the rights of citizens he was sworn to protect. He suspended the writ of Habeas Corpus,
closed courts by force, and arrested citizens and elected officials without cause. Lincoln also raised troops without
the consent of Congress, closed-down newspapers whose writers displayed any dissent to U.S. policy.
Lincoln’s troops razed the South and doomed to poverty–generations of Southerners for many years to come. General
Sherman‘s “March to the Sea” was nothing more than a marauding rampage filled with robbery, rape, and murder. These
men were less soldiers on a military mission and more common thugs on a crime spree. Northern armies brought war
to women, children, and privately held property as a matter of official policy (rather than as so-called “collateral
damage”).
Lincoln ordered the arrest of Baltimore police chief George P. Kane, police commissioner Charles Howard, as well
as fellow commissioners: William H. Gatchell, John W. Davis, and Charles D. Hinks. Baltimore Mayor George W. Brown
was arrested and sent to Fort McHenry. The men were incarcerated because they dared to publicly disagree with Lincoln
and refused to carry-out the President’s tyrannical orders.
Baltimore was placed under federal control and a military police force was formed.
Both the continents of Europe and South America ended the practice of slavery, and unlike the United States government–they
did so without murdering 700,000 of their own citizens. The abhorrent practice of slavery could have and would
have been ended in this country, without ever firing a shot.
Contrary to popular belief (as perpetuated by government schools), slavery was a national institution, it was not
unique to the South. Upon his inauguration, Lincoln could have freed the slaves in the Northern states which would
have put severe diplomatic pressure on the South. However, Lincoln besides being a tyrant was also an incredible
hypocrite. Lincoln’s multitude of personal letters show his outright disgust for the black man and his truly racist
views.
Consider a few rarely spoken facts:
-Northern General U.S. Grant continued to hold a slave for nearly a year after the war. In fact, it took an act
of Congress to finally free the man from Grant’s possession.
-Northern General Tecumseh Sherman was arrested many times for brutally abusing several of his slaves.
Conversely, Confederate General Robert E. Lee freed all of his slaves prior to the start of the war. That act by
the military leader of the South truly displays that for the Confederacy, the war was only about states’ rights
and a just rebellion against tyranny–not about slavery!
Lincoln’s War (otherwise known as the Civil War), was much less about freeing oppressed blacks and much more about
the federal government exerting complete control over all citizens. Lincoln’s actions were a direct assault upon
the wishes of our founding fathers. Lincoln cared very little for the rule of law, as evidenced by his numerous
suspensions of U.S. Constitutional rights.
I believe that had Lincoln survived his second term–his place in this nation’s history would be seen in a much
different light. Furthermore, had the Civil War ended with a different outcome, Lincoln and many of his generals
would have been deservedly tried as war criminals.
Of course, the victors write the history books–even when they tell lies.
LINCOLN’S CRIMES
1. Lincoln waged a war that cost the lives of 620,000 Americans. Including the murder of 50,000 innocent Southern
civilians.
2. He arrested several thousand Marylanders suspected of Southern sympathies, including 30 members of the State
legislature, a US Congressman representing Maryland, the mayor and police commissioner of Baltimore, and most of
the Baltimore city council. These political detainees were imprisoned in Fort McHenry and Point Lookout without
trial, in many cases, for several years.
3. He suspended the writ of habeas corpus without the consent of Congress (as required by the Constitution).
4. He illegally shut down and confiscated the printing presses of dozens of newspapers that had spoken out against
him.
5. He re-instated and summarily promoted an Army officer who had been court martialed and cashiered by the US Army
for war crimes.
6. He even had an arrest warrant issued for the Chief Justice of the US Supreme Court because said justice refused
to back his illegal actions.
7. Chief Justice Roger B Taney ruled that Lincolns actions were illegal, criminal and unconstitutional.
8. He invaded the South without the consent of Congress as required by the Constitution.
9. He blockaded Southern ports without a delclaration of war, as required by the Constitution.
10. He imprisoned without trial, hundreds of newspaper editors and owners and censored all newspaper and telegraph
communication.
11. He created two new states without the consent of the citizens of those states in order to artificially inflate
the Republican Partys electoral vote.
12. He ordered Federal troops to interfere with Northern elections to assure his Parties victories.
13. He confiscated private property, including firearms, in violation of the Second Amendment; and effectively
gutted the Tenth and Ninth Amendments as well.
14. He had his Generals attack US cities full of women and children and burn them to the ground.
Still not convinced? Well let’s look at some really really hard facts that will be hard for you to swallow. The
follow was written by Thomas J. DiLorenz.
One hundred thirty-six years after General Robert E. Lee surrendered at Appomattox, Americans are still fascinated
with the War for Southern Independence. The larger bookstores devote an inordinate amount of shelf space to books
about the events and personalities of the war; Ken Burns’s “Civil War” television series and the movie “Gettysburg”
were blockbuster hits; dozens of new books on the war are still published every year; and a monthly newspaper,
Civil War News, lists literally hundreds of seminars, conferences, reenactments, and memorial events related to
the war in all 50 states and the District of Columbia all year long. Indeed, many Northerners are “still fighting
the war” in that they organize a political mob whenever anyone attempts to display a Confederate heritage symbol
in any public place.
Americans are still fascinated by the war because many of us recognize it as the defining event in American history.
Lincoln’s war established myriad precedents that have shaped the course of American government and society ever
since: the centralization of governmental power, central banking, income taxation, protectionism, military conscription,
the suspension of constitutional liberties, the “rewriting” of the Constitution by federal judges, “total war,”
the quest for a worldwide empire, and the notion that government is one big “problem solver.”
Perhaps the most hideous precedent established by Lincoln’s war, however, was the intentional targeting of defenseless
civilians. Human beings did not always engage in such barbaric acts as we have all watched in horror in recent
days. Targeting civilians has been a common practice ever since World War II, but its roots lie in Lincoln’s war.
In 1863 there was an international convention in Geneva, Switzerland, that sought to codify international law with
regard to the conduct of war. What the convention sought to do was to take the principles of “civilized” warfare
that had evolved over the previous century, and declare them to be a part of international law that should be obeyed
by all civilized societies. Essentially, the convention concluded that it should be considered to be a war crime,
punishable by imprisonment or death, for armies to attack defenseless citizens and towns; plunder civilian property;
or take from the civilian population more than what was necessary to feed and sustain an occupying army.
The Swiss jurist Emmerich de Vattel (1714-67, author of The Law of Nations, was the world’s expert on the proper
conduct of war at the time. “The people, the peasants, the citizens, take no part in it, and generally have nothing
to fear from the sword of the enemy,” Vattel wrote. As long as they refrain from hostilities themselves they “live
in as perfect safety as if they were friends.” Occupying soldiers who would destroy private property should be
regard as “savage barbarians.”
In 1861 the leading American expert in international law as it relates to the proper conduct of war was the San
Francisco attorney Henry Halleck, a former army officer and West Point instructor whom Abraham Lincoln appointed
General-in-Chief of the federal armies in July of 1862. Halleck was the author of the book, International Law,
which was used as a text at West Point and essentially echoed Vattel’s writing.
On April 24, 1863, the Lincoln administration seemed to adopt the precepts of international law as expressed by
the Geneva Convention, Vattel, and Halleck, when it issued General Order No. 100, known as the “Lieber Code.” The
Code’s author was the German legal scholar Francis Leiber, an advisor to Otto von Bismarck and a staunch advocate
of centralized governmental power. In his writings Lieber denounced the federal system of government created by
the American founding fathers as having created “confederacies of petty sovereigns” and dismissed the Jeffersonian
philosophy of government as a collection of “obsolete ideas.” In Germany he was arrested several times for subversive
activities. He was a perfect ideological fit with Lincoln’s own political philosophy and was just the man Lincoln
wanted to outline the rules of war for his administration.
The Lieber Code paid lip service to the notion that civilians should not be targeted in war, but it contained a
giant loophole: Federal commanders were permitted to completely ignore the Code if, “in their discretion,” the
events of the war would warrant that they do so. In other words, the Lieber Code was purely propaganda.
The fact is, the Lincoln government intentionally targeted civilians from the very beginning of the war. The administration’s
battle plan was known as the “Anaconda Plan” because it sought to blockade all Southern ports and inland waterways
and starving the Southern civilian economy. Even drugs and medicines were on the government’s list of items that
were to be kept out of the hands of Southerners, as far as possible.
As early as the first major battle of the war, the Battle of First Manassas in July of 1861, federal soldiers were
plundering and burning private homes in the Northern Virginia countryside. Such behavior quickly became so pervasive
that on June 20, 1862 – one year into the war – General George McClellan, the commanding general of the Army of
the Potomac, wrote Lincoln a letter imploring him to see to it that the war was conducted according to “the highest
principles known to Christian civilization” and to avoid targeting the civilian population to the extent that that
was possible. Lincoln replaced McClellan a few months later and ignored his letter.
Most Americans are familiar with General William Tecumseh Sherman’s “march to the sea” in which his army pillaged,
plundered, raped, and murdered civilians as it marched through Georgia in the face of scant military opposition.
But such atrocities had been occurring for the duration of the war; Sherman’s March was nothing new.
In 1862 Sherman was having difficulty subduing Confederate sharpshooters who were harassing federal gunboats on
the Mississippi River near Memphis. He then adopted the theory of “collective responsibility” to “justify” attacking
innocent civilians in retaliation for such attacks. He burned the entire town of Randolph, Tennessee, to the ground.
He also began taking civilian hostages and either trading them for federal prisoners of war or executing them.
Jackson and Meridian, Mississippi, were also burned to the ground by Sherman’s troops even though there was no
Confederate army there to oppose them. After the burnings his soldiers sacked the town, stealing anything of value
and destroying the rest. As Sherman biographer John Marzalek writes, his soldiers “entered residences, appropriating
whatever appeared to be of value . . . those articles which they could not carry they broke.”
After the destruction of Meridian Sherman boasted that “for five days, ten thousand of our men worked hard and
with a will, in that work of destruction, with axes, sledges, crowbars, clawbars, and with fire…. Meridian no longer
exists.”
In The Hard Hand of War historian Mark Grimsley argues that Sherman has been unfairly criticized as the “father”
of waging war on civilians because he “pursued a policy quite in keeping with that of other Union commanders from
Missouri to Virginia.” Fair enough. Why blame just Sherman when such practices were an essential part of Lincoln’s
entire war plan and were routinely practiced by all federal commanders? Sherman was just the most zealous of all
federal commanders in targeting Southern civilians, which is apparently why he became one of Lincoln’s favorite
generals.
In his First Inaugural Address Jefferson said that any secessionists should be allowed to “stand undisturbed as
monuments of the safety with which error of opinion may be tolerated where reason is left free to combat it.” But
by 1864 Sherman would announce that “to the petulant and persistent secessionists, why, death is mercy.” In 1862
Sherman wrote his wife that his purpose in the war would be “extermination, not of soldiers alone, that is the
least of the trouble, but the people” of the South. His loving and gentle wife wrote back that her wish was for
“a war of extermination and that all [Southerners] would be driven like swine into the sea. May we carry fire and
sword into their states till not one habitation is left standing.”
The Geneva Convention of 1863 condemned the bombardment of cities occupied by civilians, but Lincoln ignored all
such restrictions on his behavior. The bombardment of Atlanta destroyed 90 percent of the city, after which the
remaining civilian residents were forced to depopulate the city just as winter was approaching and the Georgia
countryside had been stripped of food by the federal army. In his memoirs Sherman boasted that his army destroyed
more than $100 million in private property and carried home $20 million more during his “march to the sea.”
Sherman was not above randomly executing innocent civilians as part of his (and Lincoln’s) terror campaign. In
October of 1864 he ordered a subordinate, General Louis Watkins, to go to Fairmount, Georgia, “burn ten or twelve
houses” and “kill a few at random,” and “let them know that it will be repeated every time a train is fired upon.”
Another Sherman biographer, Lee Kennett, found that in Sherman’s army “the New York regiments were . . . filled
with big city criminals and foreigners fresh from the jails of the Old World.” Although it is rarely mentioned
by “mainstream” historians, many acts of rape were committed by these federal soldiers. The University of South
Carolina’s library contains a large collection of thousands diaries and letters of Southern women that mention
these unspeakable atrocities.
Shermans’ band of criminal looters (known as “bummers”) sacked the slave cabins as well as the plantation houses.
As Grimsley describes it, “With the utter disregard for blacks that was the norm among Union troops, the soldiers
ransacked the slave cabins, taking whatever they liked.” A routine procedure would be to hang a slave by his neck
until he told federal soldiers where the plantation owners’ valuables were hidden.
General Philip Sheridan is another celebrated “war hero” who followed in Sherman’s footsteps in attacking defenseless
civilians. After the Confederate army had finally evacuated the Shenandoah Valley in the autumn of 1864 Sheridan’s
35,000 infantry troops essentially burned the entire valley to the ground. As Sheridan described it in a letter
to General Grant, in the first few days he “destroyed over 2200 barns . . . over 70 mills . . . have driven in
front of the army over 4000 head of stock, and have killed . . . not less than 3000 sheep. . . . Tomorrow I will
continue the destruction.”
In letters home Sheridan’s troops described themselves as “barn burners” and “destroyers of homes.” One soldier
wrote home that he had personally set 60 private homes on fire and opined that “it was a hard looking sight to
see the women and children turned out of doors at this season of the year.” A Sergeant William T. Patterson wrote
that “the whole country around is wrapped in flames, the heavens are aglow with the light thereof . . . such mourning,
such lamentations, such crying and pleading for mercy [by defenseless women]… I never saw or want to see again.”
As horrific as the burning of the Shenandoah Valley was, Grimsley concluded that it was actually “one of the more
controlled acts of destruction during the war’s final year.” After it was all over Lincoln personally conveyed
to Sheridan “the thanks of the Nation.”
Sherman biographer Lee Kennett is among the historians who bend over backwards to downplay the horrors of how Lincoln
waged war on civilians. Just recently, he published an article in the Atlanta Constitution arguing that Sherman
wasn’t such a bad guy after all and should not be reviled by Georgians as much as he is. But even Kennett admitted
in his biography of Sherman that:
Had the Confederates somehow won, had their victory put them in position to bring their chief opponents before
some sort of tribunal, they would have found themselves justified…in stringing up President Lincoln and the entire
Union high command for violations of the laws of war, specifically for waging war against noncombatants.
Sherman himself admitted after the war that he was taught at West Point that he could be hanged for the things
he did. But in war the victors always write the history and are never punished for war crimes, no matter how heinous.
Only the defeated suffer that fate. That is why very few Americans are aware of the fact that the unspeakable atrocities
of war committed against civilians, from the firebombing of Dresden, the rape of Nanking, Hiroshima and Nagasaki,
to the World Trade Center bombings, had their origins in Lincoln’s war. This is yet another reason why Americans
will continue their fascination with the War for Southern Independence.
Thomas J. DiLorenzo is professor of economics at Loyola College in Maryland. He is the author of, The Real Lincoln:
A New Look at Abraham Lincoln, His Agenda, and an Unnecessary War.
|
|
